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Red Tory
A Red Tory is an adherent of a progressive conservative political philosophy, tradition, and disposition in Canada similar to the High Tory tradition in the United Kingdom; it is contrasted with "Blue Tory" or "Small-c". In Canada, Red Toryism is found in provincial and federal Conservative political parties. The history of Red Toryism marks differences in the development of the political cultures of Canada and the United States. Canadian conservatism and American conservatism have been different from each other in fundamental ways.〔(), ''The Canadian Encyclopedia''〕
The term Red Tory has been revived in recent years by individuals such as the British philosopher Phillip Blond, also Director of the ResPublica think tank, to promote a radical communitarian traditionalist conservatism. It inveighs against welfare states as well as market monopolies. Instead, it respects traditional values and institutions, localism, devolution of powers from the central governments to local communities, small businesses, and volunteerism and favours empowering social enterprises, charities and other elements of civil society to solve problems such as poverty.〔("Rise of the Red Tories" ), ''Prospect Magazine'', February 2009〕
==Philosophy==
Historically, Canadian conservatism has been derived from the Tory tradition, with a distinctive concern for a balance between individual rights and collectivism, as mediated through a traditional pre-industrial standard of morality – which has never been as evident in American conservatism.
Red Toryism derives largely from a classical conservative tradition that maintained the unequal division of wealth and political privilege among social classes can be justified if members of the privileged class practiced noblesse oblige and contributed to the common good. Red Tories supported traditional institutions such as religion and the monarchy, and maintenance of the social order. Later, this position was manifested in their support for some aspects of the welfare state. This belief in a common good, as expanded on in Colin Campbell and William Christian's ''Political Parties and Ideologies in Canada'', is at the root of Red Toryism.
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